Jekeseni wa mtsempha (IV) ndi kubaya mankhwala kapena chinthu china mumtsempha ndikulowa mwachindunji m'magazi.Iyi ndi imodzi mwa njira zofulumira kwambiri zoperekera mankhwala ku thupi.
Kulowetsedwa m'mitsempha kumakhala ndi jekeseni imodzi yotsatiridwa ndi chubu chopyapyala kapena catheter yolowetsedwa mumtsempha.Izi zimathandiza akatswiri azaumoyo kupereka milingo ingapo ya mankhwala kapena kulowetsedwa popanda kubayanso singano pa mlingo uliwonse.
Nkhaniyi ikupereka mwachidule chifukwa chake akatswiri azachipatala amagwiritsa ntchito ma IV, momwe amagwirira ntchito, ndi zida zomwe amafunikira.Ikufotokozanso zina mwazabwino ndi zoyipa za mankhwala olowetsedwa m'mitsempha ndi kulowetsedwa, komanso zina mwazowopsa ndi zotsatira zake.
jakisoni m'mitsempha ndi imodzi mwa njira zofulumira komanso zoyendetsedwa bwino zoperekera mankhwala kapena zinthu zina m'thupi.
Ogwira ntchito zachipatala atha kupereka mankhwala olowetsedwa m'mitsempha kapena zinthu zina kudzera m'mphepete kapena pakati.Magawo otsatirawa akufotokoza chilichonse mwa iwo mwatsatanetsatane.
Katheta wapang'onopang'ono kapena katheta wolowera m'mitsempha ndi njira yodziwika bwino ya jakisoni wolowera m'mitsempha yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kwakanthawi kochepa.
Mizere yozungulira imapezeka kwa jakisoni wa bolus komanso ma infusions anthawi yake.Magawo otsatirawa akufotokoza chilichonse mwa iwo mwatsatanetsatane.
Zimaphatikizapo kubaya mankhwala mwachindunji m’mwazi wa munthu.Katswiri wazachipatala amathanso kunena za jakisoni wa bolus ngati bolus kapena bolus.
Zimaphatikizapo kubweretsa mankhwala m’magazi a munthu pang’onopang’ono m’kupita kwa nthaŵi.Njira imeneyi imaphatikizapo kuperekera mankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito drip yolumikizidwa ndi catheter.Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zolowetsera mtsempha: kudontha ndi kupopera.
Ma drip infusions amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yokoka kuti apereke madzi okhazikika pakapita nthawi.Pakulowetsedwa kwa drip, wogwira ntchito yachipatala ayenera kupachika thumba la IV pamwamba pa munthu amene akuchiritsidwayo kuti mphamvu yokoka imakokere kulowetsedwa kutsika mumtsempha.
Kulowetsedwa kwa pampu kumaphatikizapo kulumikiza pampu ndi kulowetsedwa.Pampuyo imapereka madzi olowetsedwa m'magazi a munthu mokhazikika komanso mowongolera.
Mzere wapakati kapena catheter yapakati imalowa m'mitsempha yapakati, monga vena cava.Vena cava ndi mtsempha waukulu umene umabwezeretsa magazi kumtima.Akatswiri azachipatala amagwiritsa ntchito X-ray kuti adziwe malo abwino a mzerewo.
Malo ena odziwika bwino opangira ma catheter akanthawi kochepa amaphatikizapo malo am'manja monga mkono kapena chigongono, kapena kumbuyo kwa dzanja.Zinthu zina zingafunike kugwiritsa ntchito kunja kwa phazi.
Nthawi zofulumira kwambiri, katswiri wa zaumoyo angasankhe kugwiritsa ntchito malo ena ojambulira, monga mtsempha wapakhosi.
Mzere wapakati nthawi zambiri umalowa mu vena cava yapamwamba.Komabe, malo oyamba jekeseni nthawi zambiri amakhala pachifuwa kapena pamkono.
Jekeseni mwachindunji kudzera m'mitsempha kapena kudzera m'mitsempha imaphatikizapo kuperekera mlingo wochizira wa mankhwala kapena chinthu china mwachindunji mumtsempha.
Ubwino wa kulowetsedwa mwachindunji kwa mtsempha ndikuti umapereka mlingo wofunikira wa mankhwalawa mwachangu kwambiri, womwe umathandiza kuti azichita mwachangu momwe angathere.
The kuipa mwachindunji mtsempha wa magazi makonzedwe ndi kuti kutenga lalikulu Mlingo wa mankhwala kuonjezera chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kosatha kwa mtsempha.Chiwopsezochi chikhoza kukhala chachikulu ngati mankhwalawa ndi odziwika bwino.
jakisoni mwachindunji m'mitsempha amalepheretsanso akatswiri azaumoyo kuti asamapereke mankhwala ambiri kwanthawi yayitali.
Kuipa kwa kulowetsedwa kwa mtsempha ndikuti sikulola kuti mlingo waukulu wa mankhwalawa ulowe m'thupi nthawi yomweyo.Izi zikutanthauza kuti mawonetseredwe achire zotsatira za mankhwala zingatenge nthawi.Motero, madzi oloŵera m’mitsempha sangakhale njira yoyenera pamene munthu akufunikira mankhwala mwamsanga.
Kuopsa ndi zotsatira zake za kayendetsedwe ka mtsempha si zachilendo.Iyi ndi njira yowonongeka ndipo mitsempha ndi yopyapyala.
Kafukufuku wa 2018 adapeza kuti mpaka 50 peresenti ya zotumphukira za IV catheter zimalephera.Centerlines imathanso kuyambitsa mavuto.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu Journal of Vascular Access , phlebitis ikhoza kuchitika mwa 31 peresenti ya anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma catheters olowera m'mitsempha panthawi yolowetsedwa.Zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimachiritsidwa ndipo 4% yokha ya anthu amakhala ndi zizindikiro zoopsa.
The kumayambiriro mankhwala mwachindunji zotumphukira mtsempha kungayambitse mkwiyo ndi kutupa ozungulira zimakhala.Kukwiyitsa uku kungakhale chifukwa cha pH ya mapangidwe kapena zinthu zina zonyansa zomwe zingakhalepo mukupanga.
Zina mwa zizindikiro za kukwiya kwa mankhwala ndi monga kutupa, kufiira kapena kusinthika, ndi ululu pamalo opangira jakisoni.
Kuwonongeka kosalekeza kwa mtsempha kungayambitse magazi kutuluka mumtsempha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mabala pamalo opangira jakisoni.
Drug extravasation ndi mawu azachipatala a kutayikira kwa mankhwala obaya kuchokera mumtsempha wamagazi kulowa m'magulu ozungulira.Izi zingayambitse zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
Nthawi zina, mabakiteriya ochokera pamwamba pa khungu amatha kulowa mu catheter ndikuyambitsa matenda.
Mizere yapakati nthawi zambiri simakhala ndi zoopsa zofanana ndi zotumphukira, ngakhale imakhala ndi zoopsa zina.Zowopsa zina zomwe zingakhalepo pamzere wapakati ndi:
Ngati munthu akukayikira kuti akhoza kukhala ndi zovuta ndi mzere wapakati, ayenera kudziwitsa dokotala mwamsanga.
Mtundu ndi njira ya IV yomwe munthu amafunikira zimadalira zinthu zingapo.Izi zikuphatikizapo mankhwala ndi mlingo womwe amafunikira, momwe akufunira mankhwalawo mwachangu, komanso utali wotani womwe mankhwalawa amayenera kukhala m'dongosolo lawo.
Kubaya m'mitsempha kumakhala ndi zoopsa zina, monga kupweteka, kupsa mtima, ndi mabala.Zowopsa kwambiri zimaphatikizapo matenda ndi kuundana kwa magazi.
Ngati n'kotheka, munthu ayenera kukambirana ndi dokotala za kuopsa ndi zovuta zomwe zingakhalepo pa chithandizo cha IV asanalandire chithandizochi.
Kuphulika kwa mitsempha kumachitika pamene singano ivulaza mitsempha, kupweteketsa ndi kuvulaza.Nthawi zambiri, mitsempha yong'ambika sizimawononga nthawi yayitali.Dziwani zambiri apa.
Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mzere wa PICC pochizira mtsempha (IV) kwa wodwala.Ali ndi maubwino ambiri ndipo angafunike chisamaliro chanyumba.Dziwani zambiri apa.
Kulowetsedwa kwachitsulo ndiko kutumiza kwachitsulo m'thupi kudzera mumtsempha.Kuchuluka kwa iron m'magazi a munthu kumatha ...